DULA

Dulaglutide

Metabolic Research FDA-approved

Dulaglutide (marketed as Trulicity) is an FDA-approved once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist for type 2 diabetes. It consists of a GLP-1 analog fused to a modified immunoglobulin Fc fragment for extended duration.

Regulatory status (as of Sept 2026)

FDA-approved (Trulicity) for T2DM glycemic control and MACE risk reduction; carries boxed warning for thyroid C-cell tumors.

See the FDA peptide regulatory tracker · Read our July 27, 2026 dispatch on the FDA PCAC peptide vote
Educational summary. Every effect described below is drawn from the cited published research and describes what was observed in research subjects — not a promise of results, a dose recommendation, or an endorsement for human use. Many peptides are not FDA-approved. Consult a licensed healthcare provider before making any health decision. Full disclaimer.

9 studies referenced · Last reviewed Oct 1, 2026 · Reviewed by The Peptide Dispatch Editorial Team · How we research & label content

TL;DR — Dulaglutide at a Glance

Dulaglutide is an FDA-approved prescription drug. Dulaglutide (marketed as Trulicity) is an FDA-approved once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist for type 2 diabetes.

Half-lifeAbout 5 days
How it's given in studiesSubcutaneous injection
Research stageFDA-approved
Dosing
Published research: 0.75, 1.5 mg weekly (REWIND used 1.5 mg SC weekly)
details0.75, 1.5 mg weekly (REWIND used 1.5 mg SC weekly); AWARD-11 tested 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 mg weekly with 0.75 mg start.
Community-reportedCommunity-reported: 0.75–4.5 mg once weekly, subcutaneous injection

Published-research dosing is what was given in the cited studies (species and units as reported). Community-reported dosing is what users describe, not from clinical studies. Neither is a recommendation. Not medical advice.

Where each point comes from: Clinicalhuman trials and FDA labels   Lab / animalrodent, cell and ex vivo studies   Community-reporteduser experience and commonly used protocols, not from clinical studies

How It Works

In plain terms: It copies the gut hormone GLP-1, which helps the body release insulin when blood sugar is high and slows how fast the stomach empties. Proposed mechanism (GLP-1 receptor agonist pharmacology): activates GLP-1 receptors to enhance glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppress glucagon release and slow gastric emptying. The Fc fragment extends its half-life through FcRn-mediated recycling and reduced renal clearance. Its clinical effects come from the trials cited below (e.g. REWIND, Gerstein 2019).

Effects Reported in Research

How to read this: Each item below is an effect observed in research subjects in the cited studies — think of Dexter, our stand-in research subject. These are findings from the literature, not results you should expect, and not medical advice.

  • ClinicalFDA-approved for type 2 diabetes
  • Clinical (FDA label)In clinical use (FDA label): injected subcutaneously once weekly
  • ClinicalCardiovascular risk reduction in REWIND (MACE HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.79-0.99, median 5.4 y)
  • Clinical (FDA label)In clinical use (FDA label): adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes
  • Clinical (FDA label)In clinical use (FDA label): supplied as a single-dose pen

What Users Report (Community, Not Clinical)

Commonly reported protocol

Community-reportedCommonly reported doses range from 0.75 to 4.5 mg once weekly (subcutaneous injection). This is not a recommendation.

Community reports are anecdotal, vary widely in product quality and purity, and are not medical advice. Talk to a licensed provider.

Side Effects and Safety Notes

  • Clinical (FDA label)In clinical use (FDA label, Trulicity): the most common adverse reactions are nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain and decreased appetite
  • ClinicalNausea, vomiting, diarrhea (GI AEs 47.4% vs 34.1% placebo in REWIND)
  • Decreased appetite
  • Injection site reactions
  • Pancreatitis (rare)
  • Lab / animalBoxed warning: risk of thyroid C-cell tumors (rodent data); contraindicated with MTC/MEN2 history
  • Hypoglycemia with insulin/sulfonylureas

What is Dulaglutide?

Dulaglutide (Trulicity) is a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist developed by Eli Lilly, approved by the FDA in 2014 for type 2 diabetes. The molecule is a fusion protein consisting of two copies of a modified GLP-1(7-37) analog linked to a modified human IgG4 Fc fragment via a small peptide linker. The REWIND cardiovascular outcomes trial was landmark — it was the first GLP-1 agonist trial to show cardiovascular benefit (MACE HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.79-0.99, median 5.4 years) in a population where most participants did not have established cardiovascular disease.

Structure (Amino-Acid Sequence)

GLP-1(7-37) analog (A8G, G22E, R36G) x 2, fused to modified IgG4 Fc

Molecular Weight: ~63,000 Da (fusion protein)

Structure Details: Fusion protein consisting of two copies of a DPP-4 resistant GLP-1 analog each linked via a small peptide linker to a modified human IgG4-Fc heavy chain. The Fc portion is modified to reduce Fc-gamma receptor binding.

What the Studies Found

  1. REWIND Trial: 12% reduction in MACE (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.79-0.99, median follow-up 5.4 years) in patients with T2D including those WITHOUT established CVD (Gerstein et al., Lancet, 2019)
  2. Primary Prevention: First GLP-1 agonist to show CV benefit in a predominantly primary prevention population (69% without established CVD)
  3. HbA1c: Consistent HbA1c reductions of 0.8-1.6% across AWARD clinical trial program
  4. Renal (exploratory): An exploratory post-hoc analysis of REWIND reported a reduced composite renal outcome (Gerstein et al., Lancet, 2019)
  5. Cognitive (exploratory): An exploratory analysis from REWIND reported a trend toward reduced cognitive decline in older adults with T2D

References

  1. Dulaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes (REWIND): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial
    Gerstein HC, Colhoun HM, Dagenais GR, Diaz R, Lakshmanan M, Pais P et al. Lancet (London, England). 2019. PMID: 31189511.
    Study type: RCT n=9901.
    DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31149-3 · PubMed
  2. Dulaglutide and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: an exploratory analysis of the REWIND randomised, placebo-controlled trial
    Gerstein HC, Colhoun HM, Dagenais GR, Diaz R, Lakshmanan M, Pais P et al. Lancet (London, England). 2019. PMID: 31189509.
    Study type: Exploratory analysis of RCT.
    DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31150-X · PubMed
  3. Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Safety of Dulaglutide After Single or Multiple Doses in Chinese Healthy Subjects and Patients with T2DM: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase I Study
    Xu J, Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhao X, Zhou W, Loghin C et al. Advances in therapy. 2022. PMID: 34787823.
    Study type: Phase 1 RCT, n=58.
    DOI: 10.1007/s12325-021-01921-5 · PubMed
  4. Gastrointestinal Tolerability of Once-Weekly Dulaglutide 3.0 mg and 4.5 mg: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Incidence and Prevalence of Nausea, Vomiting, and Diarrhea in AWARD-11
    Van J, Frias JP, Bonora E, Raha S, Meyer J, Jung H et al. Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders. 2021. PMID: 34514554.
    Study type: Post hoc of Phase 3 RCT n=1842.
    DOI: 10.1007/s13300-021-01140-9 · PubMed

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How Dulaglutide Compares

PeptideHalf-LifeRouteResearch Status
Dulaglutide~5 daysSubcutaneous injectionFDA-approved
5-Amino-1MQUnknownOralPreclinical (animal)
AOD-9604No published PK data foundSubcutaneous injectionDiscontinued
Adipotide (FTPP)No published PK data foundSubcutaneous injectionPreclinical (animal)
Exenatide2.4 hours (immediate-release)Subcutaneous injectionFDA-approved

Values reflect figures reported in published research. Compare any peptides side-by-side →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Dulaglutide?
Dulaglutide (marketed as Trulicity) is an FDA-approved once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist for type 2 diabetes. It consists of a GLP-1 analog fused to a modified immunoglobulin Fc fragment for extended duration.
How does Dulaglutide work?
In plain terms: It copies the gut hormone GLP-1, which helps the body release insulin when blood sugar is high and slows how fast the stomach empties. Proposed mechanism (GLP-1 receptor agonist pharmacology): activates GLP-1 receptors to enhance glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppress glucagon release and slow gastric emptying. The Fc fragment extends its half-life through FcRn-mediated recycling and reduced renal clearance. Its clinical effects come from the trials cited below (e.g. REWIND, Gerstein 2019).
What is the research status of Dulaglutide?
Dulaglutide is at the following stage in the published literature: FDA-approved. All information is for research and educational purposes only.
What is the half-life of Dulaglutide?
Reported half-life: ~5 days.
How is Dulaglutide administered in research?
Reported administration route in the literature: Subcutaneous injection. This is not a recommendation for human use.

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Sources & Methodology

Dosing, half-life figures, and mechanism descriptions on this page are compiled from peer-reviewed published research, with the species and study type stated where reported. Figures labeled “Dosing used in published research” describe what was given in those studies and do not constitute dosing recommendations for any human use. Each cited paper is listed with DOI and PubMed links in the References section above. Found an error? Contact us.

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