KPV is a C-terminal tripeptide fragment (amino acids 11-13) of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), consisting of the amino acids lysine-proline-valine. Despite its small size, KPV retains the full anti-inflammatory activity of the parent hormone while lacking its pigmentation effects. The peptide was first identified for its potent ability to suppress inflammatory responses in multiple experimental models. KPV works primarily by entering cells and inhibiting the NF-κB signaling cascade, which is a master regulator of inflammation. Research has shown particular promise for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), where KPV can reduce colonic inflammation, improve intestinal barrier function, and promote mucosal healing. It has also shown antimicrobial activity against several pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The peptide's small size, stability, and multiple routes of administration (injectable, oral, and topical) make it a versatile research compound.
Key Data
Mechanism of Action
KPV acts by inhibiting NF-κB signaling, one of the primary pathways driving inflammation. It also suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) and modulates immune cell activity. Unlike full-length α-MSH, KPV retains anti-inflammatory activity without melanocortin receptor-mediated side effects like skin pigmentation changes.
Reported Benefits
All information is presented for Research Use Only (RUO). Not medical advice.