PE22

PE-22-28

Cognitive Anti-Aging Preclinical (animal)

PE-22-28 is a synthetic seven-amino-acid analog of spadin (PE 12-28), a sortilin propeptide fragment, and acts by blocking TREK-1 potassium channels. In mice it has shown antidepressant-like effects and neurogenesis.

Educational summary. Every effect described below is drawn from the cited published research and describes what was observed in research subjects — not a promise of results, a dose recommendation, or an endorsement for human use. Many peptides are not FDA-approved. Consult a licensed healthcare provider before making any health decision. Full disclaimer.

5 studies referenced · Last reviewed Oct 1, 2026 · Reviewed by The Peptide Dispatch Editorial Team · How we research & label content

TL;DR — PE-22-28 at a Glance

PE-22-28 is a compound studied only in animals and lab experiments so far. PE-22-28 is a synthetic seven-amino-acid analog of spadin (PE 12-28), a sortilin propeptide fragment, and acts by blocking TREK-1 potassium channels.

Half-lifeNot established in published research
How it's given in studiesSubcutaneous injection, Intranasal
Research stagePreclinical (animal)
Dosing
Published research: No published human dosing
detailsi.p. dosing in mice (forced swim, novelty-suppressed feeding; 4-day sub-chronic); exact µg/kg in full text
Community-reportedCommunity-reported: 50–100 mcg, subcutaneous injection, Intranasal

Published-research dosing is what was given in the cited studies (species and units as reported). Community-reported dosing is what users describe, not from clinical studies. Neither is a recommendation. Not medical advice.

Where each point comes from: Clinicalhuman trials and FDA labels   Lab / animalrodent, cell and ex vivo studies   Community-reporteduser experience and commonly used protocols, not from clinical studies

How It Works

In plain terms: It blocks a brain potassium channel called TREK-1 and showed antidepressant-like effects in mice. Proposed mechanism, from cell and mouse studies: a shortened analogue of spadin that inhibits the TREK-1 potassium channel, with better TREK-1 inhibition, in vivo stability and antidepressant-like activity in mouse behavioural models than spadin (Djillani 2017; review, Djillani 2019).

Effects Reported in Research

How to read this: Each item below is an effect observed in research subjects in the cited studies — think of Dexter, our stand-in research subject. These are findings from the literature, not results you should expect, and not medical advice.

  • Lab / animalAntidepressant-like effects and neurogenesis in mice
  • Lab / animalTREK-1 channel inhibitor (IC50 0.12 nM in hTREK-1/HEK cells)
  • Lab / animalIn animal studies: potential neuroplasticity enhancement

What Users Report (Community, Not Clinical)

Commonly reported protocol

Community-reportedSome users report running PE-22-28 at 50–100 mcg (subcutaneous injection, intranasal). This is not a recommendation.

What users report

  • Community-reportedCognitive enhancement and improved memory
  • Community-reportedNeuroprotective effects
  • Community-reportedReduced ER stress in neurons
  • Community-reportedSupport for dopaminergic neuron survival

Side effects users report

  • Community-reportedMild headache reported anecdotally

Side effects reported in studies are listed separately below.

Community reports are anecdotal, vary widely in product quality and purity, and are not medical advice. Talk to a licensed provider.

Side Effects and Safety Notes

  • No human safety data
  • Long-term effects unknown

What is PE-22-28?

PE-22-28 is a seven-amino-acid analog of spadin (PE 12-28), a fragment of the sortilin propeptide. It is not derived from Cerebral Dopamine Neurotrophic Factor (CDNF). It acts as a TREK-1 potassium channel inhibitor (IC50 0.12 nM in hTREK-1/HEK cells). In mouse studies it showed antidepressant-like effects and neurogenesis, with antidepressant action lasting up to 23 hours versus 7 hours for spadin. No human studies have been published. It has become popular in the biohacking community as a nootropic peptide.

Structure (Amino-Acid Sequence)

Pro-Glu-Lys-Arg-Pro-Val-Ala (7 amino acids)

Molecular Weight: 796.9 Da

Molecular Formula: C35H63N11O10

Structure Details: Linear heptapeptide derived from the C-terminal region of CDNF protein (residues 22-28). Contains a proline at both termini contributing to structural stability.

What the Studies Found

  1. TREK-1 Inhibition: PE-22-28 inhibited TREK-1 channels (IC50 0.12 nM in hTREK-1/HEK cells) (Djillani et al., Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2017)
  2. Antidepressant-like Activity: Antidepressant-like effects and neurogenesis in mice (Djillani et al., Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2017)
  3. Neuroplasticity: Enhanced BDNF expression and synaptic plasticity markers in hippocampal neurons following treatment

References

  1. Shortened Spadin Analogs Display Better TREK-1 Inhibition, In Vivo Stability and Antidepressant Activity
    Djillani A, Pietri M, Moreno S, Heurteaux C, Mazella J, Borsotto M. Frontiers in pharmacology. 2017. PMID: 28955242.
    Study type: In vitro patch clamp + mouse behavioral models.
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00643 · PubMed
  2. Fighting against depression with TREK-1 blockers: Past and future. A focus on spadin
    Djillani A, Pietri M, Mazella J, Heurteaux C, Borsotto M. Pharmacology & therapeutics. 2019. PMID: 30291907.
    Study type: Review.
    DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.10.003 · PubMed

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How PE-22-28 Compares

PeptideHalf-LifeRouteResearch Status
PE-22-28No published PK data foundSubcutaneous injection, IntranasalPreclinical (animal)
DihexaUnknownOral or intraperitoneal (rodent studies only); no human administration publishedPreclinical (animal)
FGL (L)UnknownSubcutaneous injectionPreclinical (animal)
P21UnknownOral (mice)Preclinical (animal)
PinealonNo published PK data foundOral, SublingualPhase 1 / early human

Values reflect figures reported in published research. Compare any peptides side-by-side →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is PE-22-28?
PE-22-28 is a synthetic seven-amino-acid analog of spadin (PE 12-28), a sortilin propeptide fragment, and acts by blocking TREK-1 potassium channels. In mice it has shown antidepressant-like effects and neurogenesis.
How does PE-22-28 work?
In plain terms: It blocks a brain potassium channel called TREK-1 and showed antidepressant-like effects in mice. Proposed mechanism, from cell and mouse studies: a shortened analogue of spadin that inhibits the TREK-1 potassium channel, with better TREK-1 inhibition, in vivo stability and antidepressant-like activity in mouse behavioural models than spadin (Djillani 2017; review, Djillani 2019).
What is the research status of PE-22-28?
PE-22-28 is at the following stage in the published literature: Preclinical (animal). All information is for research and educational purposes only.
What is the half-life of PE-22-28?
Reported half-life: No published PK data found.
How is PE-22-28 administered in research?
Reported administration route in the literature: Subcutaneous injection, Intranasal. This is not a recommendation for human use.

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Category

This peptide belongs to the Cognitive category. View All Cognitive Peptides

Related Categories

Anti-Aging

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Sources & Methodology

Dosing, half-life figures, and mechanism descriptions on this page are compiled from peer-reviewed published research, with the species and study type stated where reported. Figures labeled “Dosing used in published research” describe what was given in those studies and do not constitute dosing recommendations for any human use. Each cited paper is listed with DOI and PubMed links in the References section above. Found an error? Contact us.

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