TP1

Thymopoietin II Fragment (TP-1)

Immune Preclinical (animal)

Active fragment of thymopoietin that modulates T-cell differentiation and immune function.

Educational summary. Every effect described below is drawn from the cited published research and describes what was observed in research subjects — not a promise of results, a dose recommendation, or an endorsement for human use. Many peptides are not FDA-approved. Consult a licensed healthcare provider before making any health decision. Full disclaimer.

3 studies referenced · Last reviewed Oct 1, 2026 · Reviewed by The Peptide Dispatch Editorial Team · How we research & label content

TL;DR — Thymopoietin II Fragment (TP-1) at a Glance

Thymopoietin II Fragment (TP-1) is a compound studied only in animals and lab experiments so far. Active fragment of thymopoietin that modulates T-cell differentiation and immune function.

Half-lifeNot established in published research
How it's given in studiesSubcutaneous injection
Research stagePreclinical (animal)
Dosing
Published research: No published human dosing
detailsNo published studies of a thymopoietin fragment named 'TP-1' found. The studied fragment is thymopentin (TP-5, residues 32-36); related fragments TP-3/TP-4 exist.
Community-reportedCommunity-reported: Research varies, subcutaneous injection

Published-research dosing is what was given in the cited studies (species and units as reported). Community-reported dosing is what users describe, not from clinical studies. Neither is a recommendation. Not medical advice.

Where each point comes from: Clinicalhuman trials and FDA labels   Lab / animalrodent, cell and ex vivo studies   Community-reporteduser experience and commonly used protocols, not from clinical studies

How It Works

In plain terms: It is a piece of a thymus hormone described as helping immune T cells mature, based on lab studies. Proposed mechanism, from in vitro and computational studies: thymopoietin and its active fragment thymopentin are described as inducing T-cell differentiation and regulating immune function (Onoue 2006); docking studies propose the T-cell receptor as a target (Kondratyev 2014).

Effects Reported in Research

How to read this: Each item below is an effect observed in research subjects in the cited studies — think of Dexter, our stand-in research subject. These are findings from the literature, not results you should expect, and not medical advice.

  • T-cell maturation
  • Lab / animalIn animal studies: immune modulation
  • Lab / animalIn animal studies: lymphocyte function

What Users Report (Community, Not Clinical)

Commonly reported protocol

Community-reportedIn user communities, reported doses vary widely (subcutaneous injection). This is not a recommendation.

Community reports are anecdotal, vary widely in product quality and purity, and are not medical advice. Talk to a licensed provider.

Side Effects and Safety Notes

  • No published data for 'TP-1'

References

  1. Structural and dynamic properties of thymopoietin mimetics
    Kondratyev MS, Lunin SM, Kabanov AV, Samchenko AA, Komarov VM, Fesenko EE et al. Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics. 2014. PMID: 24024467.
    Study type: Molecular modelling.
    DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2013.834851 · PubMed
  2. Chemical synthesis and application of C-terminally 5-carboxyfluorescein-labelled thymopentin as a fluorescent probe for thymopoietin receptor
    Onoue S, Liu B, Nemoto Y, Hirose M, Yajima T. Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry. 2006. PMID: 17159311.
    Study type: In vitro binding.
    DOI: 10.2116/analsci.22.1531 · PubMed
  3. Investigation Into Efficiency of a Novel Glycol Chitosan-Bestatin Conjugate to Protect Thymopoietin Oligopeptides From Enzymatic Degradation
    Zhang Y, Feng J, Cui L, Zhang Y, Li W, Li C et al. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 2016. PMID: 26173563.
    Study type: In vitro enzymatic stability.
    DOI: 10.1002/jps.24567 · PubMed

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How Thymopoietin II Fragment (TP-1) Compares

PeptideHalf-LifeRouteResearch Status
Thymopoietin II Fragment (TP-1)UnknownSubcutaneous injectionPreclinical (animal)
KPVNo published PK data foundSubcutaneous injection, Oral, TopicalPreclinical (animal)
LL-37UnknownSubcutaneous injectionPhase 2
ThymalinNo published PK data foundIntramuscular injectionApproved outside US
Thymosin Alpha-1No published human PK data found; ~3 h for native Tα1 in rats (Shen 2019). Literature describes a 'short plasma half-life' requiring twice-weekly s.c. dosing.Subcutaneous injectionApproved outside US

Values reflect figures reported in published research. Compare any peptides side-by-side →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Thymopoietin II Fragment (TP-1)?
Active fragment of thymopoietin that modulates T-cell differentiation and immune function.
How does Thymopoietin II Fragment (TP-1) work?
In plain terms: It is a piece of a thymus hormone described as helping immune T cells mature, based on lab studies. Proposed mechanism, from in vitro and computational studies: thymopoietin and its active fragment thymopentin are described as inducing T-cell differentiation and regulating immune function (Onoue 2006); docking studies propose the T-cell receptor as a target (Kondratyev 2014).
What is the research status of Thymopoietin II Fragment (TP-1)?
Thymopoietin II Fragment (TP-1) is at the following stage in the published literature: Preclinical (animal). All information is for research and educational purposes only.
What is the half-life of Thymopoietin II Fragment (TP-1)?
Reported half-life: Unknown.
How is Thymopoietin II Fragment (TP-1) administered in research?
Reported administration route in the literature: Subcutaneous injection. This is not a recommendation for human use.

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Category

This peptide belongs to the Immune category. View All Immune Peptides

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Sources & Methodology

Dosing, half-life figures, and mechanism descriptions on this page are compiled from peer-reviewed published research, with the species and study type stated where reported. Figures labeled “Dosing used in published research” describe what was given in those studies and do not constitute dosing recommendations for any human use. Each cited paper is listed with DOI and PubMed links in the References section above. Found an error? Contact us.

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